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P.O.Box 26055, Philadelphia Pa 19128
Phone: 215.483.7772 Fax: 215.483.1113
email: gene@gilbertprintingservices.com |
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ART- In prepress, any material meant for reproduction. More commonly, any non-text material, e.g., photographs, drawings, etc.
BASIS WEIGHT - The weight in pounds of a ream (500 sheets) of paper cut to a given standard size for that grade of paper. For instance, 500 sheets of 25î X 38î 80lb text paper weigh 80 pounds.
BLEED - Extra printed image, generally 1/8î needed for all print meeting the trim edge of the finished piece.
BOND PAPER - A grade of writing paper where strength, durability and permanence are essential requirements; used for letterheads, business forms, etc. The basic size sheet is 17 X 22. Bond paper come in many finishes, colors and weights.
CAMERA READY COPY - Black and white copy that is ready for shooting or scanning.
CMYK - (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black). The four process colors used in color printing. Black is added to the subtractive primaries to enhance color and contrast.
COATED PAPER - Paper having a surface coating that produces a smooth finish. Surfaces vary from dull to glossy.
COLOR SEPARATION - The process of separating full-color art into four colors used in process printing: cyan, magenta, yellow and black.
CONTRAST - The tonal gradation between the highlights, middle tones and shadows in an original or a reproduction.
CROP - To eliminate portions of the copy, usually on a photograph or plate, indicated on the original by crop marks.
DIE-CUTTING - The process of using sharp steel rules to cut special shapes for labels, folders, business cards etc., from printed sheets.
DIGITAL COLOR PROOF - An off-press color proof produced from digital data eliminating the need for separation film.
DIGITAL PRINTING - Printing by plateless imaging systems from digital files.
DOT - The individual element of a halftone.
DOT GAIN - The unavoidable spreading of ink that enlarges each dot of a halftone image when it is printed on paper.
DOTS PER INCH (DPI) - A measure of the resolution of a screen image or printed page.
300 dpi is the acceptable resolution for printing images.
DUMMY - A preliminary layout showing the position of illustrations and text as they are to appear in the final reproduction; a set of blank pages made in advance to evaluate the size and shape of the piece of printing.
DUOTONE - A term for a two color halftone reproduction usually from a one-color photograph.
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EMBOSSING - Impressing an image in relief to achieve a raised surface, either over printing or on blank paper.
EPS (ENCAPSULATED POSTSCRIPT) - A file format often used for storing graphic elements (line art) made of Bézier curves, as opposed to bitmap images. EPS files include a low resolution bitmap rendering for viewing on-screen.
FOIL STAMPING - Using hard metal dies and heat to stamp foil images or patterns onto a surface. It is also known as hot stamping.
FONT - A complete set of all characters (letters, numbers, punctuation marks, etc.) of a given typeface.
FORMAT - The size, style, layout, etc., of a printed piece: in typography, the attributes of font, size, spacing, etc., that creates a specific typographic look.
GBC BINDING - In binding, pages bound together by a plastic comb inserted through holes or slots punched at the binding edge of each page.
GRAY SCALE - A strip of standardized gray tones, ranging from white to black, used to evaluate the tonal range of images.
GRIPPER EDGE - The leading edge of paper as it passes through a printing press.
HAIRLINE REGISTRATION - Register within +/- _ rows of halftone dots.
HALFTONE - The reproduction of continuous-tone images through a screening process, which converts the image into dots of various sizes with equidistant centers.
HARD COPY - A paper output of mechanicals presented to the printer, often with color breaks and instructions. Also, the material sent to a typesetter in typed form, for the conversion into typeset material.
HUE - In color, the main attribute of a color that distinguishes it from other colors, such as redness, blueness, etc.
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IMPOSITION - The positioning of the pages of a signature so that after printing, folding and cutting, all pages appear in the proper sequence.
JUSTIFY - In typography, to set lines of type in a column to align on the left and the right.
LAMINATE - A plastic film bonded by heat and pressure to a printed sheet for protection or appearance.
LAYOUT - The drawing or sketch of a proposed printed piece.
LETTERPRESS - A traditional form of printing using raised metal type to impress images directly on paper.
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MAKEREADY - In printing, all work done to set up a press for printing a job.
MECHANICAL - Computer files provided to a printer from which printing plates are made. Also, a term for a camera-ready paste-up of artwork, including type, photos, line art, etc., all on one piece of art board.
MOIRÉ - In process printing, the undesirable pattern caused by incorrect screen angles of overprinting halftones or the pattern in an image interfering with the halftone screen.
NEGATIVE - In photography, film containing an image in which the values of the original are reversed so that the dark areas in the subject appear light on the film and vice versa. See also positive.
OFFSET - Short for offset lithography. In printing, the process of using an intermediate blanket cylinder to transfer an image from the image carrier to the paper. Also refers to the undesirable transfer of wet ink from one sheet to the next after coming off the printing press.
OPACITY - The property of paper that makes it less transparent, thereby minimizing show-through of printing from the back side or from the next sheet.
OPAQUE - In prepress, to paint out areas on a negative not wanted on the plate; in paper, pertaining to opacity.
PAGINATION - In computerized typesetting, the process of performing page makeup automatically.
PERFECT BINDING - In binding, pages bound together by adhesive at the spine (Reader's Digest).
PIXEL - Short for picture element. A pixel is the smallest point of a bitmap image. It is the basic unit of digital imaging.
PLASTIC COIL BINDING - A continuous plastic spring like coil running through punched holes at the spine of a booklet.
POINT - Printer's unit of measurement, used principally for designating type sizes. There are 12 points to a pica and approximately 72 points to an inch.
POSITIVE - In photography, film containing an image in which the dark and light values are the same as the original; the reverse of a negative.
POSTSCRIPT - A page description language for instructing output devices how type and graphic elements will be produced.
PREPRESS - A term for the preparation of a job by a printer prior to printing. Includes the digital processing of mechanicals, stripping, proofing and platemaking.
PRESS PROOF - In color reproduction, a proof of a color subject made on a printing press, in advance of the production run.
PRIMARY COLORS - In painting, commonly understood to be red, yellow and blue; however, in printing, there are additive primaries; red, green and blue (RGB); and subtractive primaries: cyan, magenta and yellow (CMY)
PROCESS COLOR - The four colors-cyan, magenta, yellow and black (CMYK)-used in four-color process printing.
PROCESS PRINTING - Four-color printing using the process colors.
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REAM - Five hundred sheets of paper.
REFLECTIVE ART - Illustrative copy that is viewed, and must be scanned or photographed, by light reflected from its surface. Examples are photographs and drawings.
REGISTER - In printing, fitting two or more images in exact alignment with each other.
REGISTER MARKS - Crosses or other targets included in mechanicals, used for positioning films in register of two or more colors of printing.
RESOLUTION - In electronic imaging, the quantification of printout quality using the number of dots per inch.
SADDLE STITCHING - In binding, pages bound together using staples at the centerfold of the book.
SCORE - An impression made on paper to facilitate folding.
SELF-COVER - A brochure or booklet cover of the same paper as the inside text pages.
SERIF - The short cross lines at the ends of the main strokes of many letters in some typefaces.
SIGNATURE - In printing and binding, the name given to a printed sheet after it has been folded.
STOCK - Paper or other material to be printed.
SUBTRACTIVE PRIMARIES - Cyan, magenta, yellow (CMY). Combined with black (K), they are the four colors used in process printing.
TEXT - In typography, the body matter of typeset copy, as distinguished from headings. It is also referred to as text type.
THERMOGRAPHY - A printing process that simulates the raised surfaces of traditional engraving.
TIFF (TAGGED IMAGE FILE FORMAT) - A commonly used file format for bitmap image files such as photographs. TIFFs can be used by virtually all desktop publishing applications.
TRAPPING - In printing, the ability to print wet ink over previously printed wet ink. Dry trapping is printing wet ink over dry ink. In prepress, refers to how much overlap to eliminate white lines between colors
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VARNISH - A coating applied to a printed sheet for protection or appearance.
VIGNETTE - An illustration in which the background fades gradually away until it blends into the unprinted paper.
WIRE-O-BINDING - A continuous double series of wire loops run through punched holes along the binding side of a booklet. It is also called double wire and twin loop binding.
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